It became known why smartphone batteries sometimes explode

The Internet is full of images of smartphones exploding or catching fire. The loudest example is the scandal with the Samsung Galaxy Note 7, which became famous due to numerous cases of fire and explosions. However, the problem can affect any smartphone, including models from Apple, Sony, LG, Lenovo and other manufacturers.

Reasons of exploding smartphone batteries

The main cause of battery explosion is a short circuit between the cathode and the anode. This leads to a sharp increase in current, which overheats the battery. The temperature quickly rises to 80-90°C, which causes a reaction between the molten lithium and the electrolyte, resulting in the release of explosive compounds.

At temperatures up to 200°C, the cathode begins to decompose, releasing oxygen, which leads to further decomposition electrolyte When reaching 700°C, graphite reacts with the remains of the electrolyte, and the aluminum current collector melts. In most cases, the explosion occurs already at a temperature of 200°C due to the accumulation of explosive mixtures.

The process becomes irreversible already in the early stages. To reduce the consequences, you should quickly disconnect the smartphone from the electrical network, move it away from flammable surfaces or cover it, for example, with a pan to protect against splinters.

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Causes of a short circuit

A short circuit between the cathode and Anode can happen for several reasons. The well-known case with the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 happened due to the slightly flexible body of the phone and the battery that tightly fits it. Even a small bend of the case could cause contact between the cathode and the anode, so it is not recommended to carry the gadget in your pocket.

In addition to design defects and manufacturing problems, batteries can explode due to overheating. This can happen when using non-original chargers or charging the phone during intensive work, for example, playing games.

Leaving the smartphone in the sun, especially while charging, which often happens with car navigators left in an overheated environment, is a particular danger. car interior.

Battery aging can also cause an explosion. Over time, metal lithium dendrites can form on the anode, which, when they reach the cathode, cause a short circuit.

How to minimize the risk of battery explosion

1. Use only original or certified chargers.< /li>
2. Do not leave the phone in the sun to prevent overheating.
3. Do not charge the phone during heavy use.
4. Avoid using the phone with a bent back cover, which may indicate a deflated battery.
5. Replace old phones or batteries in a timely manner.